Many organizations have developed principles, standards, and guidelines for ecological restoration. These efforts have been synthesized to develop best-practice principles intended to create a shared vision for ecosystem restoration globally (Gann et al., 2019). 

In 2021, stimulated by the launch of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, and in support of creating a shared vision for ecosystem restoration globally, the guiding principles of ecological restoration were revisited. Building on the principles developed by SER and other restoration groups, the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration identified ten principles to guide ecosystem restoration.

The ten principles for ecosystem restoration include an overarching first principle that aligns restoration in the context of the UN Decade, followed by nine best-practice principles. These best-practice principles outline guidance that should be followed to maximize net gain for native biodiversity, ecosystem health and integrity, and human health and well-being, across all biomes, sectors and regions.

The principles are complementary and should be considered together. Regardless of the habitat or the types of stakeholders engaged, these principles can improve restoration outcomes for all types of projects, programs and initiatives. (UNEP, 2021)

These ten principles can be used to guide the delivery of restoration on the ground and in the water. A number of documents have been designed to guide delivery of ecological restoration, including how to undertake all stages of a restoration initiative, from guidance for planning and designing restoration projects to on-ground/in-water implementation, monitoring, evaluating and learning from results.

Key Principles for Marine Restoration

Inclusive Governance

Engage diverse stakeholders equitably throughout the restoration process to ensure long-term support and address local needs and priorities【Gann et al., 2019】.

Addressing Causes of Degradation

Identify and address both direct and indirect causes of ecosystem degradation in restoration planning and design【UNEP, 2021】.

Integrating Knowledge

Incorporate and promote the exchange of indigenous, traditional, local, and scientific knowledge in restoration efforts【Gann et al., 2019】.

Setting Objectives

Establish clear, measurable ecological, cultural, and socioeconomic objectives and goals during the planning phase of restoration projects【Gann et al., 2019】.

Long-Term Monitoring and Adaptive Management

Include long-term monitoring, evaluation, and adaptive management in restoration projects to ensure effectiveness and resilience【UNEP, 2021】